Male reproductiveVascular/functionalICD-10 N52
Erectile dysfunction
Also called: ED, Impotence
Persistent difficulty getting or keeping an erection sufficient for sex. It is common and can be an early warning sign of heart disease.
Condition-specific references are below. Individual claims and this page have not been clinically reviewed. Read about this content.
Causes
- Vascular disease (most common)
- Diabetes and nerve damage
- Low testosterone
- Medicines (antidepressants, beta-blockers)
- Psychological factors
- Prostate surgery
Risk factors
- Age
- Diabetes
- Hypertension, high cholesterol
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Alcohol
Symptoms
- Difficulty achieving or maintaining erections
- Reduced libido
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- History and examination
- Blood tests: glucose, lipids, testosterone
- Cardiovascular risk assessment
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil)
- Testosterone if deficient
- Alprostadil
Operations and procedures
- Vacuum devices
- Penile implants
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Exercise, weight loss, stop smoking, limit alcohol
- Psychosexual counselling
Possible complications
- Relationship strain, low mood
Prevention
- Cardiovascular health
Outlook
Most men respond to treatment.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor — it may signal heart disease or diabetes.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.